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The roles of tourism industry in socio-economic development of Zanzibar : A case study of Zanzibar town
(Mzumbe University, 2016) Moh’d, Issa S.
This study was done to examine the roles of tourism industry in socio-economic development of Zanzibar. Specifically, the study sought to identify contribution of tourism industry in socio-economic development of Zanzibar, to examine the strategies set by tourism stakeholders in promoting tourism industry in Zanzibar and to identify challenges of tourism industry in Zanzibar. The methods employed to obtain relevant information in this study were questionnaire, interview and documentary review. Before data collection took place, those primary tools (questionnaire and interview guide) were prepared and pilot tested for improving to get valid and reliable data. The qualitative data were analysed by using three qualitative techniques; these were comparison of data between sampling units, pattern matching of data and by using strong explanation building as proposed by Yin (1994). The quantitative data were analysed through tabulation, percentage and frequencies by the help of Microsoft excel. The result showed that the majority of the respondents agreed that tourism industry has great contribution to the socio-economic development of Zanzibar. These contributions include the following; generates employment opportunity, sources of income and foreign currency, expansion of market for small business and traditional goods, enabling understanding of different foreign languages, as well as encouraging intermarriages between locals and foreigners (tourists). Moreover, maintenance of cultural identity, environmental conservation and sanitation as well as promotion of interaction and hospitality are strategies set by tourism stakeholders in promoting tourism industry in Zanzibar. Furthermore, findings indicate that tourism industry in Zanzibar is faced by a lot of challenges that hinder the development of tourism industry in Zanzibar also the socio-economic development of Zanzibar. These include encroachment by foreigners, bureaucracy, political instability and presence of insecurity events. The study recommends that the government should use these set strategies properly to improve the tourism industry in Zanzibar. Also, all stakeholders must come together to perform their responsibilities to implement set strategies for promoting tourism industry in Zanzibar.
Factors influencing marketing of vegetables among small holder farmers: A study of tomato value chain in Ruvu Kibaha District
(Mzumbe University, 2020) Fredrick, Oliver
This study intended to look into factors influencing marketing of vegetables, looking into tomato value chain specifically to small holder farmers located at Ruvu Chini at Kibaha District council. The objectives were to investigating influences made by marketing information and transactional cost on the market of Tomatoes also challenges these farmers face and what is the role of government in vegetable farming. The research approach was both qualitative and quantitative. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview to a total of ninety three (93) respondents including smallholder farmer, agricultural officer and trade officers. Agricultural officers and trade officers were purposively selected while small holder farmers were conveniently selected. Data analysis was analyzed quantitatively through SPSS and qualitatively through discourse analysis. Ordinal regression was used to determine the relationship and influence of marketing information and transactional cost on ordinal outcome (vegetable marketing measured in scale of 1-3, where 1=Weak, 2=Moderate, 3= Strong) Findings revealed that, for every increase of transactional cost causes decrease in the marketing of tomatoes. Also access to market information positively influences vegetable marketing. The government main role is to enforce policies and creating good environment for farmers. However, farmers also declared that the government’s main role should be to protect smallholder farmers’ rights since the market of vegetables in Tanzania is a free market. Recommendations are that the government should enforce laws that empower small holder farmers of tomatoes like how it is done in other crops like cashew nuts and this can be done through strengthened collaboration with a public-private partnership with existing stakeholders.
The impact of composition of board of directors on organizational performance: A case of Fanikiwa Microfinance Company Limited
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Charles, Victoria
This study contributes to the literature by investigating the association between the overall performances of a microfinance institution in relation to the board structure and governance of the organization. How MFIs are governed is likely to affect their efficiency, outreach to the poor, sustainability, and impact on poverty alleviation. The research aimed at examining the extent to which board members’ influence over firms’ strategic issues mediates the effects of board composition on the performance of a microfinance institution. The study was conducted in Dar er Salaam, Tanzania. The sample of the population was 26 respondents 6 of which were directors. The study used questionnaires, interviews and documentary review. In data analysis Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze research findings. The researcher established that there cannot be development without proper leadership in any organisation, thus achieving the same requires a well formed and performing board of directors to form policies and strategies that determine the future of the company as well as explaining the basis of which performance and implementation can be assessed. Members of the board ought to diligently perform the roles of which they were appointed and to the best of their ability in enhancing the performance of the organization. The study recommended that the governing body of the company is a very important organ and plays a major part in enhancing the growth of the company. The same has to be empowered and encouraged in making proper decisions in the event the company and its employees are not in line with the intended company’s policies and strategies. In implementing such, proper and clear plans for the board activities should be put in place well in advance to enable the members to also plan ahead in ensuring their participation in the organization. On the same note companies need to put in place a board that is satisfactory in terms of the qualifications of the members and experience in the related field.
Factors leading imported furniture to be preferred over locally produced ones: A case of Ilala and Temeke municipal councils in Dar es salaam-Tanzania
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Chanjarika, Clement
The study to assess Factors Leading Imported Furniture to be preferred over Locally Produced Ones was conducted at Ilala and Temeke Municipal Councils in Dar Es Salaam-Tanzania. The objectives were to; compare the prices of locally produced furniture to imported ones; identify the quality in terms of durability and varieties of the local furniture and that one of imported; examine promotion and advertisement on local furniture compared to that one of imported furniture; find out the cost of timber, manufacturing power, transportation and other factors of producing furniture locally compared to the cost of importing them; explore the reasons as to why people prefer imported furniture compared to locally produced ones. A sample of 150 respondents were used, in collecting data the study used questionnaires, interview guide and observation, secondary data were also used. The study found that the high price of local furniture make them to be less preferred compared to imported ones. The cause of that high price is the high cost of raw materials such as the price of buying timber is considerably higher despite of timber to be available in Tanzania. Moreover it found that high manufacturing cost which lead to high price of the local furniture is not only caused by high cost of raw materials but also poor power supply, poor technology, poor infrastructure and unfavorable tax and levy. It also found that the quality in terms of durability of the local furniture is high compared to imported furniture, but low preference of the local furniture is due to high price, less varieties, less promotion and advertisement, unpleasant appearance and long waiting time from ordering to deliverance of the local furniture. The study recommended that; Tanzania furniture manufacturers should not seek to compete at low price while the costs of production including the cost of timber, electric power, transportation are high, they should focus on means of reducing such kind of production costs. The controlling measures/way forward and recommendations on the high local production cost (high price), less varieties, less promotion and advertisement and others are evidently exposed on the study.
Governing climate change adaptation in urban Tanzania: Health system capacity gaps and implications for resilience
(Frontiers in Climate, 2026-06-05) Mushi, Lawrencia D,; Ogweyo, Noel O.; Cosmas, Faraja U.
Climate change is one of the greatest global health threats of the twenty-first century, with profound implications for health systems and progress toward universal health coverage. In Tanzania, urban areas such as Dar es Salaam are increasingly experiencing climate-related health challenges, including flooding, heat stress, and outbreaks of climate-sensitive diseases such as cholera, malaria, and respiratory infections, placing growing pressure on already constrained urban health systems. Although urban health systems in low- and middle-income countries are increasingly exposed to these risks, evidence on their capacity to govern and implement climate change adaptation actions remains limited. This study aimed to explore the governance capacity of the urban health system for climate change adaptation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. An exploratory qualitative study was conducted using in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs) with key stakeholders involved in health governance, policy development, and health service delivery. A total of 68 participants were purposively selected from municipal health management teams, public health facilities, and academic institutions across four municipal councils in Dar es Salaam. Data were analysed thematically and organised using ATLAS.ti software. The findings revealed strengths and gaps across three key areas of climate change adaptation governance. First, early warning and preparedness mechanisms existed but were constrained by fragmented disease surveillance systems, weak emergency response team functionality, and inadequate climate–health data for decision making. Second, human resource capacity was supported by available training and research institutions; however, staffing shortages, limited training coverage, and irregular refresher training reduced preparedness for climate-related health emergencies. Third, institutional and material capacity remained inadequate, characterized by limited operational climate change guidelines at the facility level, infrastructure gaps, and insufficient financial and material resources to support effective adaptation. Although municipal health systems in urban Tanzania have initiated climate change adaptation efforts, the governance of these actions remains constrained by uneven and inadequate institutional capacity. Persistent shortages in human resources, infrastructure, and sustainable financing undermine the effectiveness of early warning systems and preparedness mechanisms. Consequently, urban health systems remain insufficiently resilient to complex climate-related health risks. Therefore, strengthening climate-resilient health governance will require targeted investments in workforce capacity, infrastructure, integrated climate-health information systems, sustained financing, and clearer institutional guidelines to support proactive and coordinated adaptation across governance levels.