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The role of multinational corporations and corporate governance in facilitating industrial development in Tanzania: A case study of Coca Cola Kwanza Limited.
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mwakasala, Absalom H.
The study was conducted to examine the role played by Multinational Corporations and corporate governance in facilitating industrial development in Tanzania. The study was prompted as a result of recognizing the role played by industrialization in any given economy. Literature reviewed revealed that, indeed, no country, whatever its amount of natural resources can ever develop without prioritizing industrialization. The study was guided by mainly four specific objectives that sought to explore the legal and regulatory framework in place, the role of corporate governance, hindering obstacles and the measures aimed at enhancing industrial development in Tanzania. The study employed both primary and secondary data, but largely a rigorous documentary review played a vital role, as a lot of information was gleaned from a number of documents reviewed that trace Tanzania’s search for industrialization from the post-independence era to present. The results showed that indeed, some of the MNCs, such as Coca Cola Kwanza, have played an important role in contributing to elements of industrialization in terms of spillovers and linkages, training skilled manpower, technology transfer, deepening corporate governance, and so on. However, for Tanzania to fully benefit from the MNCs, it needs to work on a number of challenges identified which hinder industrialization efforts. They include poor infrastructure, lack of skilled manpower, poor technological absorption, policy inconsistencies and, a lot of bureaucracies in governmental departments. Key Words: Multinational Corporations, Industrialization, Corporate Governance.
Factors hinder SMEs in accessing credits from commercial Banks: A case study of NMB plc - Kariakoo business center.
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Millinga, Andrew L.
Small Business Entrepreneurship has been seen as a hub in generating income for the majority in urban dwellers with no formal paid employment. In Tanzania, entry into small and medium entrepreneurship is usually not seen as a problem. One can start small business at any time and in any place. The overall objective of this study was to identify, measure as well examine the most factors which hinders SME’s in accessing credit from Commercial Banks particularly NMB Plc. On top of that, the study also offers recommendations on what should be done to counteract those factors in order to foster credit access to SME’s. The study was conducted at NMB Kariakoo Business Centre, Dar es Salaam. The place was selected due to its role where it deals particularly with SME customers only. The sample involved 58 respondents; 8 NMB employees at the Kariakoo Business Centre and 50 NMB customers both existing and prospective borrowers who came at banking hall. Data obtained from questionnaires were inserted to a data entry screen for analysis into frequencies, percentages, charts, and graphs.
Assessment of the factors influencing the selection of entry modes into foreign markets by SMEs: The case of Kinondoni district in Dar es Salaam
(Mzumbe University, 2014) Mwanitete, Amos P.
This research was carried out to find out factors influencing SMEs’ selection of foreign market entry mode, objectives governed the research were: identifying various modes of SMEs foreign market entry, identifying factors influencing SMEs' selection of foreign market entry modes, discussing the significance of SMEs internationalization and assessing the impact of particular mode of foreign market entry to the performance of an SME. Research methods used to collect data were questionnaires; interview and documentary review, respondents from Kinondoni Dar es Salaam were involved. The data was analyzed by using Statistical tool so as to give the meaningful information. The research findings shows that large number of Tanzanian entrepreneurs have not yet internationalized their business abroad due to number of factors including, lack of capital to expand their business abroad, lack of information regarding business opportunities abroad and complexity of procedure to be followed to get the approval of trading abroad, on the other hand few have been trading abroad and the report shows that most of the entrepreneurs are using exhibition as the most appropriate entry mode to the global market as they said it is the easiest one, other modes identified includes exporting, licensing, joint venture and sole venture. Regarding factors influencing the selection mode of entry to the global market it was observed that market attractiveness is the one mostly influence large number of entrepreneurs to choose the entry mode, other factors mentioned includes competition, country risk, psychic distance, organizational culture and size of the firm, Lastly the report shows that entry modes to the global market have great impact to the performance of the SMEs as explained in the previous pages. The researcher recommends that the financial institutions should to promote entrepreneurship by giving them loans and setting low (affordable) interest rates. This will help to encourage more entrepreneurs to get involved in entrepreneurial activities and those who are already doing business will get the chance to expand their businesses further, furthermore the government of Tanzania should establish a coordinating office for outreach services for entrepreneurs owned businesses. The study recommends that there is a need to establish the coordinating office for facilitating the assessments of the financial resources and educating the entrepreneurs. This could take the form of a network of small and medium enterprise centers in various regions across the country, or the appointment of a dedicated entrepreneur’s officer in government regional offices.
The impact of tourism activities on socio-economic Livelihood of communities: A case study of Mikumi national park and Bagamoyo district in Tanzania.
(Mzumbe University, 2013) Nyore, Anastazia P
The main study of this dissertation was to assess the impacts of Tourism activities on socio-economic livelihood of communities. The study involved Mikumi National Park in Morogoro and Bagamoyo coastal regions respectively. A cross sectional study design was employed to collect data, the specific objectives that guided the research were, the assessment of respondents socio-economic activities, assessing challenges facing the performance of tourism activities in Mikumi national park and Bagamoyo district and evaluation of measures needed to be taken to improve the performance of tourism activities in two respective areas. The methodologies employed during the collection of data were interview, observation and documentary review; face to face interviews were done with 120 people aged 18 years and above living near Mikumi national park and Bagamoyo. Data Management was done using Epidata software, and data analysis was done using both Microsoft excel and stata software version 11.0 (statcorp, Texas, USA). Results from the Correlation analysis revealed that, the three factors (employment, income generation and government taxes) correlated with community livelihood benefits; it was revealed that, the above mentioned socio-economic factors were positive and significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed). Results of ANOVA test revealed that there is a significant difference in the overall community livelihood improvement basing on the socio-economic dimensions. In this respective; employment creation (0.300) carried heaviest weight for overall livelihood improvement of the community followed by income generation (0.277) and government taxes come third with (0.266). The study thus concludes, tourism activities have improved livelihood of the people in the area, through employment and income generation, and supporting local government revenue, and in some occasion sharing benefits through social responsibility, like buildings schools, dispensary. Based on results, the study recommends that; hotels investors need to empower local staffs through training, aiming in enabling them in getting senior employment position, there is a need of purchasing local inputs from those areas, this will boost standard of living for the local community in the area.
Taxpayers perception on electronic fiscal devices (EFDS): A case of Dar es salaam.
(Mzumbe University, 2014) A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Master of Business Administration (MBA) in Corporate Management of the Mzumbe University.
The research sought to find the Taxpayers Perception on electronic fiscal devices. Taxpayers, in the context of this study are taken to mean to business entities mainly sole traders, partnership businesses, and public and private companies that are eligible for VAT in Tanzania. Thus, the general objective was to assess the real taxpayers’ perception on EFD Machine in Tanzania employing the city of Dar Es Salaam as the case study. The specific objectives were, to determine whether Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) are more efficient and effective than manual methods of tax management, to investigate whether Purchase cost of Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) and some business expenses not tracked by the machines are the main reasons why traders prefer to resort to manual method, and to determine out whether Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) greatly eliminates tax evasion The research used a case study approach in which a sample of 500 identified VAT businesses out of a population of 25,383 was used. The targeted population was nominated from three districts in Dar Es Salaam and a simple random sampling procedure was employed to come up with 500 sample elements. Questionnaires and interviews were used to collect data on the sample. Quantitative and Qualitative methods were used to analyze the data collected. In conclusion, the EFDs identified traders in Tanzania are more concerned with the amount of tax they pay than with the complains they advanced regarding the use of the EFDs, perceiving that, the EFDs makes them to pay more tax than with manual method. It is recommended that, the government to educate traders on the importance of tax revenue towards business success. Traders be concerned on the efficiency of their operation as one the scientific and lawful way of profit maximization than tax evasion. The government increases the supply of the Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs).