Dar es Salaam Campus College (DCC)

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Start date: 2020

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    Factors influencing marketing of vegetables among small holder farmers: A study of tomato value chain in Ruvu Kibaha District
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Fredrick, Oliver
    This study intended to look into factors influencing marketing of vegetables, looking into tomato value chain specifically to small holder farmers located at Ruvu Chini at Kibaha District council. The objectives were to investigating influences made by marketing information and transactional cost on the market of Tomatoes also challenges these farmers face and what is the role of government in vegetable farming. The research approach was both qualitative and quantitative. Data was collected through questionnaires and interview to a total of ninety three (93) respondents including smallholder farmer, agricultural officer and trade officers. Agricultural officers and trade officers were purposively selected while small holder farmers were conveniently selected. Data analysis was analyzed quantitatively through SPSS and qualitatively through discourse analysis. Ordinal regression was used to determine the relationship and influence of marketing information and transactional cost on ordinal outcome (vegetable marketing measured in scale of 1-3, where 1=Weak, 2=Moderate, 3= Strong) Findings revealed that, for every increase of transactional cost causes decrease in the marketing of tomatoes. Also access to market information positively influences vegetable marketing. The government main role is to enforce policies and creating good environment for farmers. However, farmers also declared that the government’s main role should be to protect smallholder farmers’ rights since the market of vegetables in Tanzania is a free market. Recommendations are that the government should enforce laws that empower small holder farmers of tomatoes like how it is done in other crops like cashew nuts and this can be done through strengthened collaboration with a public-private partnership with existing stakeholders.
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    Total quality management and performance of International Non-Governmental Organizations in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Bavon, Christopher
    The objective of this study was to examine how the implementation of Total Quality Management principles can contribute to improving the performance of International NonGovernmental Organizations in Dar es Salaam. The targeted population for this research comprised of International Non-Governmental Organizations with headquarter in Dar es Salaam. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from all 60 International Non-Government Organizations in Dar es Salaam. The study revealed that International Non-Government Organizations in Dar es Salaam are effectively implementing all eight principles of Total Quality Management. These principles include employees’ involvement, continuous improvement, focus on customers, systems and processes, strategic and systematic leadership, decision making based on facts, communication and integrated system. Also, the study confirmed that effective Total Quality Management positively predicts performance improvement of International NonGovernment Organizations in Dar es Salaam. Lastly, the study revealed barriers to Total Quality Management implementation. These barriers include those related to ineffective Management and systems which lead to the absence of ineffective performance measures and appropriate systems and processes in place. There are also barriers related to people which includes inappropriate organizational culture, resistance to change, and poorly trained workers. Lack of resource which limits investment inappropriate structures and technology is also another barrier to effective implementation of Total Quality Management. The study concludes that the Implementation of Total Quality Management contributes to improved organizational performance. It was also noted that a Strategic and systematic leadership approaches is a catalysing principle to other principles. For other Total Quality Management principles to be implemented, the organization require effective strategic and systematic leadership. The study recommends that organizations should design a management framework that embraces principles of Total Quality Management in order to improve performance. Management should address barriers hindering the implementation of Total Quality Management. This require reliable strategic leadership in place.
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    An assessment of the implications of exchange rates fluctuation on the performance of SME’S in Tanzania: The case of electronic devices traders at Kariakoo, Dar es Salaam
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Cyprian, Angela
    The growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) worldwide always depends on favourable business environment. Nevertheless, SMEs in Tanzania are threatened by a number of limitations that hinder their performance. One of the constraints is exchange rate fluctuation. This study had a main objective which was to assess the implications of exchange rate fluctuation on the performance of SME’s. In order to achieve the study objectives, assessment of the effects of foreign exchange rates fluctuations in the performance of SMEs as well as the effects of inflation rates fluctuations in the performances of SMEs was conducted. The study also assessed the mitigation strategies on inflation and exchange rate fluctuation. Descriptive research design was adopted in this study. The reason behind the selection of the design was its purpose and the nature of the variables at hand, which needed qualitative and quantitative analysis methods and the interpretation of views and perceptions. Findings from the study indicated the negative effect of exchange rate to business performance. Exchange rate was seen to impact many areas such as the importation of goods and the payment of trade creditors. The study concludes that, Unstable exchange rate has negative implication to the performance of SMEs in Tanzania. Depression of the value of currency which mainly occur in Tanzania and many developing country cause the decrease in purchasing power in importing product and also result in rise of product price in internal market. The study recommends to policy makers to make consideration on exchange rate dynamics when making monetary policy and fiscal policy.
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    Internal governance practices of local NGO’s in Dar es Salaam Region.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Danford, Happy.
    This study was conducted in Dar es Salaam local NGO and explored the current internal governance practiced by local NGOs. The questions explored were: what is the governance mechanisms practice, how do NGOs operationalize internal governance, what is the function of governing body and what are the accountability mechanisms practices by NGOs. The research used a qualitative approach and data were collected through purposively selected board members, key experts and management team from conveniently selected nine (9) NGOs who were interviewed. Findings from the study show that, NGOs lack uniformity to practice governance, and this is mainly contributed by lack of resources and knowledge on governance. Also, functions of governing board that are mainly done include resource management, financial controls, monitoring and evaluation, although there is no distinct separation of responsibility between management team and board members as each sometimes assumes the roles of the other due to lack of knowledge. Also, findings have revealed that, local NGOs from the study very rarely conduct capacity building on governances, mostly because these NGO are donor dependent and governance is mainly not supported by donors as key activity that needed separate funding. Additionally, NGOs have admitted that they have little awareness on NGO governance and request training and frequent facilitation on internal governance
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    The contribution of social security mergers on improving the performance of Public Service Social Security Fund.
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Dennis, Monalisa
    This study examined the contribution of social security merger on improving the performance of the Public Service Social Security Funds (PSSSF). Lack of the insights whether the undertaken merger improves the performance of the PSSSF or not paves the way for this study to be conducted so as to bring into existence such insights. The PSSSF constitutes, among others, members’ contributions, funds transferred from former Funds, funds transferred from the NSSF by members transferred to the Fund, assets from the former Funds and monies from investments made by the Fund; the fund was specifically studied so as to examine the effects of the process of merger on the performance of the PSSSF in Tanzania, to find out the extent to which PSSSF monopoly influences scheme benefits and to find out the challenges that PSSSF encounters This study had been the case that attracted in-depth investigation of a particular situation so as to attain in-depth knowledge about the research problem (the contribution of social security merger on improving the performance of the PSSSF). Based on such case study, both stratified and simple random sampling procedures were applied to obtain a sample size of 10 managerial staff and 30 non-managerial staff. The conceptual framework with both independent and dependent variables was used to enlighten this study. To collect the required data, questionnaire and in-depth interview methods were applied and then, the collected data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. The results of the analysis from the revealed findings show the contribution of the merger on the operating performance of Public Service Social Security are an expansion of the fund coverage to cover all public service employees in Tanzania, a large number of workforces that work to secure objectives of the PSSSF, enhancement of competitiveness of the fund which goes together removal of unnecessary competition so as to increase the market power of the fund with the ability to pay members’ benefits The study concluded that merger improves the operating performance of the fund regardless of the post-merger challenges. Then, the study recommended the
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    Effectiveness of human resource department towards improvement of organizational performance
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Deodatus, Derick.
    The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Human resource department towards improvement of organizational performance in Tanzania in particular at the Highland Estates Limited. The specific research objectives were to identify the strategies used by the human resource department in improving employee performance, to examine the participation of human resource department and employee in reaching company goals and to examine employee problem resolution techniques. The study involved 82 respondents. Both primary and secondary data collection methods were employed. This study employed simple random sampling and non-probability sampling (purposive sampling) technique to obtain the respondents. Simple random sampling was used for Highland Estates Limited in which the population is more homogenous and thus random sampling was the most appropriate. Purposive sampling on which it was used to select top management of Highland Estates Limited from each section who provided valid information relevant to this study. Data obtained were analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) software program. The study found that, there are various strategies used by the human resource department in improving employee performance. The most used strategy by the HR department motivation followed by training and capacity building. Training was observed to be done not frequently and this hindered much on reaching organizational goals. The study recommended that, the most used problem resolution technique was disciplinary committee and through warning letter. However, it was said by the respondents that before hearing the respondent is served with a notice, which stipulates the nature of offence complained of. During hearing all the parties are given chance to be heard and finally the committees issues a decision which binds all the parties. Furthermore, in case of one party aggrieved with such a decision is given a right to appeal to the appellate authority as provided for under the company policy.
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    Analysis of challenges facing Small and Micro Enterprises in accessing finance from Commercial Banks: The case of Kariakoo Market
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Dobson, Jackline
    The aim of this study was to examine challenges faced by Micro and Small Enterprises regarding the process of accessing finance from commercial banks in Tanzania using Kariakoo Market as a case study. The study utilized both primary and secondary data through a case study research design.The study used a sample of 100 respondents from micro and small enterprises that are in operation, mainly beauty shops, mobile phones and accessories vendors, clothes and shoe vendors, food, salons and cereal vendors. Data analysis techniques involved quantitative and qualitative analysis. Quantitative analysis was aided by a computer program through outputs from SPSS version 20.0 and excel, while qualitative analysis involved content analysis based on the primary data and respondents comments. The findings indicate that, MSEs at Karikaoo market have been facing difficulties in accessing loans from banks. This is attributed by lack of adequate correct information and knowledge with regards to get their loans; high cost of credit; difficult collateral requirements and inadequate business skills for entrepreneurs to maintain proper books of accounts and failure to prepare bankable business plans. The study concludes that, MSEs have a great potential to substantially contribute to economic growth of the country. Given their potentials, MSEs need to be equipped with necessary tools that will help them grow and utilise their full potentials. The study recommends training and education to MSEs should be given a top priority to enhance their entrepreneurial skills and be able to manage financial challenges. The government need to put in place enabling environment that will ensure MSEs are supported in terms of accessing finance, and research institutions and academia should work hand in hand with other stakeholders to conduct further research that will in identify more challenges and offer workable solutions.
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    Impacts of Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) on growth of Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Elly, Caroline N.
    This study assessed the effect of outside direct venture (FDI) on development of little and medium undertakings (SMEs) in Dar es Salaam city. FDI isn't 100% well-disposed for neighbourhood firms and businesses in rising economies, because of the way that the appearance of outside firms presents uncomfortable and here and there out of line rivalry, in item showcases as well as in labor and capital markets. Besides, global enterprises (MNCs) may utilize their bartering capacity to get benefits and exceptions from governments not reached out to nearby firms, and therefore due to this made it important to look upon the impact of FDIs on growth of SMEs so as to identify what is really going in the market. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 11 respondents at PRISLO DESIGNS company. The data were collected from workers within the company including the owner of the business. Both qualitative and quantitative data were gathered and analyzed by means of frequency analysis respectively in each finding. The findings revealed that FDI has both positive and negative impact on growth of SMEs in Dar es Salaam city. Whereby these impacts include managerial knowledge transfer, technical knowledge transfer, generation of new entrepreneurial opportunities, advanced stages of monetary growth and human capital triggered by FDI crowd out local investment, reduction in market share owned by SMEs, increased technological gap affecting SMEs growth etc. Therefore, findings revealed that SMEs in the country need support from the Tanzanian government so as to create favorable business environment so as to help them compete with FDIs in the market. There is a need for advancing technological capacity of the country, creating environment for easy access of loan to non-collateral owners, need for export-promotion policies implementation in order SMEs to take significant role in the national economic development, government negotiators ought not give up to understanding that would result to destruction of our neighborhood enterprises while profiting MNCs rather should call for equivalent open doors for our own privately created merchandise.
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    Factors contributing to low National Health Insurance coverage in Tanzania: A case of Dodoma City Council
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Chandika, Alphonce
    The study investigated factors associated with low NHIF coverage in Tanzania, a descriptive Cross-sectional survey design was used to study a total of 385 respondents residing in Dodoma city Council. The study focused on SME”s mainly Motor cyclist (Bodaboda), Mama ntilie”s , Peasants as well as employees in private sector. Data was collected using pretested coded questionnaire and analyzed through the facilitation of SPSS. Data were presented using pie charts and frequency tables. The study revealed that increase of awareness through education and numerous channel of community sensitization plays a significant role in accelerating enrollment to NHIF (P = 0.005 ). That is to say the current low NHIF coverage is mainly attributed by low level of education and community sensitization for in-depth understanding of the NHIF concept as well as different packages it offers to the community to choose basing on their economic power. Other factors studied seemed not to be a reason for low enrollment to the NHIF, these included ability to pay membership fee (P= 0.657), Quality of medical services offered to NHIF beneficiaries (P = 0.770), NHIF being Voluntary rather than mandatory (P = 0.085) and lack of trust to NHIF managers (P = 0.600) The study recommends that NHIF should develop a well-structured and numerous community awareness and sensitization programs ranging from National to local Government levels, this programs should be persistent to ensure that the community gains in-depth understanding of the NHIF concept and the different packages offered by NHIF .The study recommends further multicenter research to have a wide coverage of respondents for more understanding of the bottleneck toward rapid NHIF enrollment
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    The role of financial ratios on investment decision in the banking sector in Tanzania
    (Mzumbe University, 2020) Maphilipa, Godwin
    The study assesses the role of financial ratios analysis on investment decisions within the banking sector. Specifically, the study assesses the role of financial ratios in investment decisions making on a number of branches and human resources. Independent variables involved in the study are liquidity ratios (liquid assets to deposit ratio,) profitability ratios (return on equity).The study used secondary data that was collected from Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange and from annual reports of sampled five selected commercial banks for the period of seven years from 2010 to 2016.The data included information contained in annual reports and financial statements. The study used Principle Component Analysis (PCA) of Factor Analysis to extract variables with high factor load which could clearly influence dependent variables. After that, Weighted Least Squire Regression (WLSR) analysis was used to identify independent variables (extracted financial ratios) with a significant relationship with dependent variables (investment decision). The results obtained indicated that liquid assets to deposit-borrowing ratio had negative insignificant power to predict investment in both numbers of branches and the number of human resources. Net Loans to deposit and borrowing has negative significant power to predict investment decision in both branches and human resources. Meanwhile, return on equity was found to have positive significant power to predict investment in both branches and human resources. The remained proxies/variables of financial ratios were noted to be unreliable in explain investment decision in the banking sectors since they were eliminated through PCA With these statistical results, the study revealed that financial ratios had both negative and positive significant effects on influencing investment decisions within the banking industry in Tanzania. Other prior studies on the Roles of Financial Ratio analysis in banking sector shows inconclusive or contradictory on the actual roles of the financial ratio analysis.The study recommends that the Bank of Tanzania (BOT) should deliberately speed up the sensitization campaign of the Tanzanian commercial banks to focus on ratios analysis as among the best tool in the effective decision.