Environmental Science

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Good practices in environmental management: Moving from trade-off to win-win situation in Tanzania
(Mzumbe University and Agder University College, 1998) Aasland Dag G.; Nkya Estomih J.
The report provides a background of environmental conditions in Tanzania and, through case study research design, identifies, describes and analyses ‘good practices’ that tend to lead to ‘win-win’ situations in environmental management. The main question that guided inquiry is: what are the economic and institutional conditions for moving from a trade-off to a win-win situation in environmental management? A three stage analytical model informed by Coasian and Pigovian theories of externalities or unintended consequences of economic activity, was used to analyse twelve cases of environmental management in Tanzania. Good practices were found to be characterised by participation of all major stakeholders (both economic and environmental interests), adoption of long-term strategic view of economic interests, local ownership of the environmental management programmes by communities and local authorities, sharing of local indigenous knowledge, raised environmental awareness at local levels, environmental-friendly planning, and decentralization of implementation of environmental policy.